Conversion of hydrocarbons of high boiling point into those of low boiling point



" ularly good results.

Patented Aug. 22, 1933 UNITED QSTATES 1,923,511 PATENT OFFICE CONVERSION OF' HYDROCARBONS OF HIGH BOILING-POINT INTO THOSE OF LOW BOILING POINT Ernst Galle, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, and Walter Rosinsky and Gerhardt Hofmann, Oppau, Germany, assignors to I. G. Fax-bonindustrie Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfort-on-the- Main, Germany, a Corporation of Germany No Drawing. Application August 23, 1928, Serial No. 301,688, and in Germany October 9 Claims. (01. 196-54) materials, with an addition of'catalysts of the type of the complex ansolvo acids (Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, vol. 455 (1927), Verlag Chemie G. m. b. EL, Berlin, pages 235, 244 and 249) that is to say, compounds or mixtures of organic carboxylic acids with inorganic salts which increase the power of the said organic carboxylic acid to split 01f hydrogen ions. The said complex ansolvo acids contain the inorganic element in complex combination. Complex ansolvo" acids when added to diazo acetic acid set nitrogen free therefrom and therefore the formation of the complex ansolvo acids can be controlled by a simple test; namely the mixture of the said organic carboxylic acids with the said inorganic salts when added to diazo acetic ester must yield a more vigorous evolution of nitrogen, than the individual components separately if complex ansolvo acids are formed.

The process is carried out at an elevated tem-- perature, for example, at temperatures ranging between about 350 and 600 C., temperatures between about 400 and 450 C. furnishing partic- The process may be carried out under ordinary or elevated pressure. In some cases it will be advantageous to employ high pressures of about 100, 200 or even 1000 atmospheres, pressures of 100 to 150 atmospheres being very favorable, though in other cases pressures of about or 50 atmospheres may be employed.

The operation may also be conducted in the presence of hydrogen or gases containing or supplying the same.

The following examples will further illustrate the nature of the said invention which however is not limited thereto. The parts are by weight.

Example 1 uct s, 41.2 per cent with reference to the initial material boil below 200 centigrade.

The double compound may also be replaced by the two components, in varying molecular proportions.

Example 2 100 parts of a rectified thick producer tar, 5

parts of a double compound of 1-naphtholcarboxylic acid and aluminium chlorid or the components of the same, as in the preceding example are heated at about 350 to 420centigrade in an autoclave lined with Monel metal (analloy containing about 27 per cent of copper, about 65 per cent of nickel and a slight amount of iron). 0f the resulting products,'33.5 parts boil below 200 centigrade.

, Example 3 100 parts of a thick producer tar, which has been freed from benzine, are treated with three parts of a double compound of oleic acid and zinc chlorid or the components of the same as in Example 1 at about 350 centigrade and atmospheres pressure in an autoclave fitted with stirrers, parts of the resulting products boil below 200 centigrade.

Example 4 centigrade.

Example 5 100 parts of a mineral oil boiling above 200 centigrade are heated with 5 parts of a double compound of alpha-naphthoic acid and antimony pentachlorid or the components of the same, as in Example 1, under a pressure of atmospheres of hydrogen, up to 420 centigrade. Of the resulting conversion products, 45 parts boil below 200 centigrade.

What we claim is:-

1. In the conversion of hydrocarbons of high boiling point range into others of low boiling point range, the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a cracking temperature with a catalyst of the type of the complex ansalvo acids, said ansalvo acids or the acid constituent thereof being added to said materials.

2. In the conversion of hydrocarbons of high 'further 24 parts boil between 200 and 360 v boiling point range into others of low boiling point range, the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a cracking temperaturewith a catalyst of the type of the complex ansolvo acids, said ansalvo acids or the acid the complex ansalvo acids, said ansalvo" acids or the acid constituent thereof being added to said materials, the process being carried out at a temperature of between about 350 and 600 C.

4. In theconversion of hydrocarbons of high boiling point range into others of low boiling point range, the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a cracking temperature with an added naphthoic acid and aluminium chlorid.

5. A process for the conversion of tar into hydrocarbons of low boiling point which comprises treating the said initial material under pressure and at about 380 to 420 C. with added l-naphtholcarboxylic acid and aluminium chlorid.

6. In the decomposition of hydrocarbons of high boiling point range into others or low boiling point range, the step whichcomprises acting on the said materials at a temperature of between 400 and 450 C. with a catalyst of the type of the complex ansalvo acids, said ansalvo acids or the acid constituent thereof being added to said materials.

7. In the conversion of hydrocarbons of high boiling point range into others of low boiling point range, the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a temperature of between 350 and 600 C. with an added naphthoic acid and aluminium chloride.

8. In the conversion of tars into hydrocarbons of low boiling point range the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a temperature of between 350 and 600 C. with 'a catalyst of the type of the complex ansalvo acids, said ansalvo acids or the acid constituent thereof being added to said materials.

9. In the conversion of paraifin waxes into bydrocarbons of low boiling point range the step which comprises acting on the said materials at a temperature of between 350 and 600 C. with a catalyst of the type of the complex ansalvo acids, said ansalvo acids or the acid constituent thereof being added to said materials.

ERNST GALLE.

WALTER ROSINSKY. GERHARDT HOFMANN. 

